ERIKO : Answers for questions

1.What is body modification?

Body modification is to change your physical appearance.

There are many reasons to have body modification, the most popular reason is to have it as a fashion, to express their individuality. 

Also some people does body modification for an affiliation or commitment, or a sign of resistance.

Blog. (n.d.). from http://info.painfulpleasures.com/blogs/psychology-body-modification

2.What kind of body modification are there?

There are many kinds of body modification. Piercing and Tattoos are the popular one. Many people have these as a fashion.

These are more extreme ones too, such as Implants and Suspension.

Many extreme ones are too extreme that it can't be explained on this blog so please see it on this website.

→https://wiki.bme.com/index.php?title=Main_Page
BMEZINE.COM. (n.d.). 2017, from https://wiki.bme.com/index.php?title=Main_Page

3.What is traditional body modification?
There are many kinds of traditional body modification.
I think famous one is "Neck ring", which makes women's neck long.
Also "Lip plate" is famous too. In stretched lips, large disc is putted in. 
Murano, G. (2013, March 06). 8 Most Extreme Cultural Body Modifications (body modification, extreme body modification).  from http://www.oddee.com/item_98514.aspx

4.When did tattooing start?
It is said that the first known tattoo was discovered on a South American mummy from 6,000 B.C.

The Origin of Ink: Tattoos Through Time. (n.d.).  from http://www.foxnews.com/lifestyle/slideshow/2013/04/29/origin-ink-tattoos-through-time.html#/slide/1

5.When did piercing start?
Ear piercing started over 5,000 years ago.
The oldest mummy in the world proved this.
Help center. (n.d.). from http://info.painfulpleasures.com/help-center/piercing-information/history-body-piercings#ear

6.When did traditional body modification start?

7.When did modern body modification start?

8.How many people in the world does body modification?
I took America as an example.
14% of all the American has tattoos (including kids).
C. (2017, April 10). Tattoo Statistics | Inked Magazine - Part 2. from http://www.inkedmag.com/tattoo-statistics/2/?ipp=3

9.What is the merit of doing body modification?
You can express your self by doing it. 
Blog. (n.d.). from http://info.painfulpleasures.com/blogs/psychology-body-modification

10.What is the demerit of doing body modification?
You can't get into hot spring or pool.
Also it will be hard for you to get a descent job.
Hara, E. (2017, July 27). Body Modification. Retrieved July 28, 2017, from https://bodymodification17.blogspot.jp/2017/07/stand-up-for-tattoo-video.html

11.What are the criticism of doing body modification?

12.What are the bias of doing body modification having tattoo?
In Japan, tattoo has negative image because of yakuza, Japanese mafia, so it relates to thoughts of crime and violate things.
Osaka's Hashimoto puts municipal workers' tattoos into the limelight. (n.d.). from http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2012/05/18/news/osakas-hashimoto-puts-municipal-workers-tattoos-into-the-limelight/#.WXt2UNSLSWs

Kelly, J. (2014, August 18). Should anti-tattoo discrimination be illegal?  from http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-28758900

13.How people get to know body modification?
→Are there any commercials on body modification?
Is there any law banning commercials on body modification?

14.Are there any laws banns body modification?
There is no laws banning body modification because the court has not yet been asked.
But there is a case that people get charged body modification practitioner. 
However, there is no law protecting people with body modification too.
Pegg, S. (2017, March 08). Is extreme body modification even legal? from http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/is-extreme-body-modification-even-legal-a7613301.html
Kelly, J. (2014, August 18). Should anti-tattoo discrimination be illegal?  from http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-28758900

15.Are there any religion that banns body modification?